Menstrual cramps, a common ailment among women, can significantly disrupt daily activities and cause discomfort ranging from mild to severe. While painkillers such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen and mefenamic acid are often used to alleviate period pain, it’s essential to understand when and how to use them effectively, as well as explore complementary therapies for managing menstrual discomfort.

To make us understand better, we spoke to Ms Aastha Singh, Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, Sharda School of Nursing Science and Research – Sharda University to understand if or not we should take painkillers for menstrual cramps. Here is what she shared with us.

“Primary dysmenorrhea, distinguished by menstrual pain occurring independently of other health issues, typically results from excessive prostaglandin production in the uterus. These chemicals trigger uterine muscle contractions, leading to cramping sensations in the lower abdomen. Secondary dysmenorrhea, on the other hand, may be caused by underlying conditions like endometriosis or uterine fibroids, which can exacerbate pain over time,” Ms Singh said.

“NSAIDs are frequently suggested for managing mild to severe menstrual cramps because they can suppress prostaglandin synthesis, consequently easing uterine muscle contractions and relieving pain. Common NSAIDs such as ibuprofen and mefenamic acid are available over-the-counter and can provide effective relief when taken at appropriate doses. It’s crucial to follow recommended dosages and not exceed the maximum daily intake to avoid potential side effects.”

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“Usually, mefenamic acid is administered at a dosage of 250 mg, and ibuprofen at 200 mg, with a maximum of one to two tablets every eight hours. Exceeding these doses can lead to adverse effects ranging from mild symptoms like dizziness and dry mouth to more severe complications affecting various organs. Therefore, it’s essential to carefully monitor intake and consult with a healthcare professional if symptoms persist or worsen,” she added.

Alternatives for Painkillers

However, relying solely on painkillers may not address the root cause of menstrual discomfort. Integrating complementary therapies alongside medical management can provide holistic relief and support overall well-being during menstruation. Here are some complementary approaches to consider:

1. Heat Therapy

Applying heat to the lower abdomen can help relax uterine muscles and alleviate cramping. A hot water bottle, heating pad, or warm bath can provide soothing relief.

2. Exercise

Engaging in regular physical activity, such as gentle stretching, yoga, or walking, can help reduce menstrual pain by promoting circulation and releasing endorphins, which act as natural pain relievers.

3. Dietary Changes

Incorporating anti-inflammatory foods such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and omega-3 fatty acids can help reduce inflammation and ease menstrual crampsEliminating caffeine, alcohol, and processed foods from your diet could also prove advantageous.

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4. Herbal Remedies

Some herbs like ginger, turmeric, and cinnamon have anti-inflammatory properties and may help alleviate period pain when consumed as teas or supplements. However, it’s essential to consult with a healthcare provider before using herbal remedies, especially if you have any underlying health conditions or are taking medications.

5. Stress Management

Practising relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, or mindfulness can help reduce stress levels, which can exacerbate menstrual discomfort. Prioritising self-care and adequate rest can also support overall menstrual health.

A Final Word

While painkillers like NSAIDs can provide effective relief for menstrual cramps, it’s essential to use them judiciously and explore complementary therapies for holistic management of period pain. Consulting with a healthcare professional can help develop a personalised approach to address individual needs and promote menstrual wellness. By combining medical management with lifestyle modifications and complementary therapies, women can effectively manage menstrual discomfort and maintain optimal well-being throughout their menstrual cycle.